FGM is the removal of all or part of the external parts of the female genitalia. It is a cultural practice that started in some African countries over years ago (wolvesdream, Par. 1). According to this same source, FGM is primarily a cultural practice, not a Essay Sample Check Writing Quality. Female genital mutilation, also known as female circumcision, happens to infants, young girls and adolescents, the entire or part of the clitoris has been removed due to tradition. Female genital mutilation is a tradition that is still practiced and many cultures still continue this outdated practiced Female Genital Mutilation Analysis Essay. Female Genital Mutilation is a cultural practice (surgical operations) carried out on young women and girls in the majority of African international locations and among minorities in Asia. Female mutilation is partial or whole elimination of the exterior genitalia together with clitoris, mons pubis, labia, urethral, and vagina openings
Female Genital Mutilation: [Essay Example], words GradesFixer
Female Genital Mutilation is female genital mutilation essay cultural practice surgical operations performed on young girls and women in the majority of African countries and among minorities in Asia. Female mutilation is partial or total removal of the external genitalia including clitoris, mons pubis, labia, urethral, and vagina openings. This practice is often referred to as female circumcision; however, the cutting is much more severe and extensive. The global community is divided on the issue whether genital mutilation is just a cultural tradition, female genital mutilation essay. However, female circumcision is an ancient custom with about million girls around the world going through the practice.
Recently, the debate surrounding genital mutilation gains new wave of scholar attention because female circumcision began to surface within immigrant communities in the United States, Europe, Canada, and other countries where it is forbidden by law. The essence of debate rests on the lack of mutual understanding among the African women stressing the importance of preserving traditions and Western women emphasizing the right of choice. As the result, African women are seen as passive and subservient, their genitals are mutilated in silence and female genital mutilation essay protest.
However, the research supports that African women, not men, insist on circumcising their daughters through ritual performance. Even though the article by Abusharaf is published in the United States, the author highlights female circumcision from the standpoint of African women. The arguments are empirically proved and supported with numerous sayings of experts in the field, including scholars and prominent feministic leaders. Moreover, the article is filled with references to historical events and influential individuals. Abusharaf builds argumentation on the testimonies of individual African women. In particular, the author quotes direct speech at length to highlight the ideological complexity within which decision to engage in genital mutilation is undertaken.
Moreover, female genital mutilation essay, women have the upper hand in determining, how, when, and where a girl is excised. However, feminists and other human rights activists consider circumcision a form of violence against women, indistinguishable from murder, forced prostitution, rape, and physical abuse. As Abusharaf points out, the ritual itself is a source of joyful celebration and elaborates festivals for males, while for females it is concealed in secrecy. One of the cultural justifications for circumcision is the belief that female genitalia are ugly and the clitoris is the cause of sexual desire.
For African women, female genital mutilation essay, genital circumcision is the machinery that liberates the female body from its masculine properties. Moreover, female genital mutilation essay, women believe that the virtue of purity is best achieved through circumcision. Genital circumcision is important because it gives voice to gender and collective ethnic identity. The same results are female genital mutilation essay in the report by Ahmadu, a female anthropologist who has personally experienced the ritual of genital circumcision. The report is a detailed account of the personal experience supported with references to reliable resources.
The narrative language of the report appeals to the reader. The purpose of the writing is to female genital mutilation essay the general audience about the practice of female genital circumcision and to undermine the negative attitude toward it. Ahmadu explores the social, ideological, religious, and symbolic dimensions of there rituals from indigenous perspective. The author attempts to reconcile insider representations with outsider perspectives. In particular, the author points out female genital mutilation essay the main quarrel with most studies on genital cutting relates to the continued insistence that it is necessary harmful.
This assertion is based on the physical, psychological, and sexual effects of the cutting. Ahmadu argues that there is no cultural obsession with feminine chastity, female genital mutilation essay, virginity, or sexual fidelity in African countries. Unlike Western cultures female genital mutilation essay human bodies into female genital mutilation essay categories, African culture promotes a different understanding of bodies: only children are conceived of as natural. Ahmadu provides strong support to the argument for importance of genital cutting for African communities. The author argues that women want their daughters to enjoy the same legal rights as other women female genital mutilation essay they want them to fit into African society, to be respected among their peers.
Ahmady spoke with women in the African city Kono and none of them reported that the practice had adversely affected fertility or given the types of gynecological or obstetrical problems associated with the operation. The physical pain and risk of infection can be reduced and even eliminated through medicalization and education. The author argues that policymakers remain indifferent to this practice even though the side effects and complications are severe enough to merit government intervention. The report is published in the United States with the objective to attract attention of general public as well as policymakers to the genital circumcision practices in African countries. However, the validity of the arguments is questioned — the author failed to support examples with empirically proved references.
The issue of genital circumcision is presented only from the perspective of promoting and protecting universal human rights. For example, it is noted that the operations are performed without anesthesia and under conditions that are not sterile; the incision is treated with kerosene and engine oil. None of these examples is supported with factual information from reliable sources. Genital cutting is psychologically wounding. In the opinion of the author, proponents of female circumcision offer the following reasons for the continuation of the practice: maintenance of tradition, the promotion of political and social cohesion, the enhancement of fertility, the fulfillment of religious requirements, female genital mutilation essay, the preservation of virginity, the prevention of promiscuity, the pursuit of aesthetics, and the maintenance of feminine hygiene, female genital mutilation essay.
Lyons has managed to build strong argumentation based on the references to scholars in the field supporting opposite sides of debate. In other words, this article is a review of the available literature on the topic of female genital cutting. However, the language is rather simple and an average reader will find the presented information interesting as well as useful. All of the comments are supported with reliable examples from primary and secondary sources. African women gain social status by demonstrating courage and endurance in the face of physical suffering.
Similar conclusion is reached by Carla Obermeyer, Department of Population and International Health, Harvard University. Obermeyer points out that the current debate on female cutting lacks any factual background — there is no statistics on harmful effects of this practice. Extensive female genital mutilation essay was conducted to estimate the prevalence of female genital surgeries in the African countries, however, lack of information about the practice made it impossible to assess the situation. Some of the scholars argue in the need to preserve the tradition of genital cutting as female genital mutilation essay of the African culture. Truebloodfor example, considers all sides of the debate, however, emphasizes the need to ban this cultural practice.
It does not correspond to the real situation. In conclusion, the debate over the legitimacy and morality of female genital cutting is the result of cultural clash. Western scholars and feminists view female circumcision as humiliation. Heath care representatives point out to the health-related consequences of the practice. Mental health professionals assume that painful procedure impacts the psyche of the young girls. Sociologists believe that the genital cutting is welcomed by African women who think of themselves purified in the result of the ritual. The views are opposing and it is impossible to say why the genital cutting practice is widely practiced by immigrant communities living in Europe and the United States. Abusharaf, Rogaia Mustafa.
Ahmadu, Fuambai. The United States of America: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc. Excising the Harmful Tradition of Female Circumcision. Lyons, Harriet. Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf. March : Trueblood, Leigh. Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by professional specifically for you? certified writers online. Female Genital Mutilation Analysis. Learn More. We will write a custom Essay on Female Genital Mutilation Analysis specifically for you! This essay on Female Genital Mutilation Analysis was written and submitted by your fellow student.
You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it female genital mutilation essay. Removal Request. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. Space in American Culture: Amsterdam vs, female genital mutilation essay. Los Angeles Globalization Issues Female genital mutilation essay on Organization Behavior. GET WRITING HELP. Cite This paper. Copy to Clipboard Copied! APA-7 APA-6 MLA-8 Chicago N-B Chicago A-D Harvard. Reference IvyPanda. Work Cited "Female Genital Mutilation Analysis.
Bibliography IvyPanda. References IvyPanda, female genital mutilation essay. Powered by CiteTotal, easy bibliography maker. More related papers. Check the price of your paper.
I Didn't Realise I Suffered Female Genital Mutilation Until I Googled It - No Filter - @LADbible TV
, time: 9:27Female Genital Mutilation Analysis - Words | Essay Example
Abstract. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a common practice in some African countries and Middle East. It involves removal of the of the female’s external genitalia. FGM is conducted in the villages where there is no access to medical care. FGM leads to This essay examines the practice of female circumcision, arguing that it is legitimate for states like the UK to attempt to bring them to an end, thus agreeing with the argument made by Nussbaum, namely that “ we should be ashamed of ourselves if we do not use whatever privilege and power has come our way to make it disappear forever” (Nussbaum, ) Get custom essay. writers online. According to World Health Organization (WHO), Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is defined as “ all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.”. Different people, with different disciplines, have used about three terms to refer to the practice
No comments:
Post a Comment